ANESTHESIA: FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS PART TWO

Course Overview
This course is no longer available for enrollment. It uses an old edition of the text and the new edition changed to the extent that updating this course was not possible. Instead we created two new courses based on the 5th edition. They are not replacement courses but totally new. The new courses are in the technician section of the catalog. Please Note: Elsevier has published the 5th edition early. It was not scheduled to be available until end of 2016. We are in the process of updating both Fundamental Anesthesia courses. However, the process of updating will not be finalized, depending on the course, until the end of 2016/beginning of 2017. When the update process is complete we will send a newsletter out to members. Until then both courses will continue to use the 4th edition. General anesthesia is regarded as one of the miracles of medicine. Advances in the art and science of anesthesia have allowed tremendous advances in surgery and medicine. Yet anesthesia is not without its complications and side effects. Decreasing reactions and minimizing side effects, while increasing the effectiveness of anesthesia, must be a primary focus of every team member involved in the anesthesia process. In any discussion of the foundational principles of veterinary anesthesia, it is agreed that practitioners and nurses/technicians must have a strong understanding of, and comfort level with, anesthetic drugs and combinations. Another basic principle is the need to constantly improve existing protocols, either by simple changes or by extensive revision of drugs and procedures. The question every team member needs to ask is “What can I do to make anesthesia safer?” *Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One* and *Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part Two* are partner courses designed to provide a review of foundational knowledge for the safe practice of veterinary anesthesia. For some participants, this will be their initial introduction to the art and science of anesthesia while for other ii will be a valuable refresher course allowing for the inclusion of current practices. Although a foundational level set of offerings, both courses contain material that would be of benefit to many veterinarians. As indicated by a boarded veterinary anesthesiologist who has reviewed the content of this course, “Courses like this allow the practitioner to review the basic concepts they learned in veterinary school as well as to learn about new drugs, techniques, and monitors that are being used." It is recommended, although not required, that participants work in a practice to complete these courses. *Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One* covers patient preparation for anesthetic procedures along with current medication options. Anesthetic equipment and workplace safety are included. Please review the learning objectives and content section for more details. *Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part Two* reviews anesthetic monitoring and special techniques such as local anesthesia, assisted and controlled ventilation and neuromuscular blocking agents. This course also provides information on species-specific anesthetic considerations. Participants will choose between companion animal, equine, ruminant and swine, or rodent and rabbit species-specific tracks. Please review the learning objectives and content section for more details. It is recommended, but not required, that participants take the courses in order. *Enrollment:* The enrollment button on this page enrolls into the Part Two course only. To learn more about Part One please use this link Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One catalog page. This course was formally titled Basic Principles of Anesthesia, Part Two.

Course Overview

This course is no longer available for enrollment. It uses an old edition of the text and the new edition changed to the extent that updating this course was not possible. Instead we created two new courses based on the 5th edition. They are not replacement courses but totally new. The new courses are in the technician section of the catalog.

Please Note: Elsevier has published the 5th edition early. It was not scheduled to be available until end of 2016. We are in the process of updating both Fundamental Anesthesia courses. However, the process of updating will not be finalized, depending on the course, until the end of 2016/beginning of 2017. When the update process is complete we will send a newsletter out to members. Until then both courses will continue to use the 4th edition.

General anesthesia is regarded as one of the miracles of medicine. Advances in the art and science of anesthesia have allowed tremendous advances in surgery and medicine. Yet anesthesia is not without its complications and side effects. Decreasing reactions and minimizing side effects, while increasing the effectiveness of anesthesia, must be a primary focus of every team member involved in the anesthesia process. In any discussion of the foundational principles of veterinary anesthesia, it is agreed that practitioners and nurses/technicians must have a strong understanding of, and comfort level with, anesthetic drugs and combinations. Another basic principle is the need to constantly improve existing protocols, either by simple changes or by extensive revision of drugs and procedures. The question every team member needs to ask is “What can I do to make anesthesia safer?”

Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One and Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part Two are partner courses designed to provide a review of foundational knowledge for the safe practice of veterinary anesthesia. For some participants, this will be their initial introduction to the art and science of anesthesia while for other ii will be a valuable refresher course allowing for the inclusion of current practices. Although a foundational level set of offerings, both courses contain material that would be of benefit to many veterinarians. As indicated by a boarded veterinary anesthesiologist who has reviewed the content of this course, “Courses like this allow the practitioner to review the basic concepts they learned in veterinary school as well as to learn about new drugs, techniques, and monitors that are being used." It is recommended, although not required, that participants work in a practice to complete these courses.

Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One covers patient preparation for anesthetic procedures along with current medication options. Anesthetic equipment and workplace safety are included. Please review the learning objectives and content section for more details.

Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part Two reviews anesthetic monitoring and special techniques such as local anesthesia, assisted and controlled ventilation and neuromuscular blocking agents. This course also provides information on species-specific anesthetic considerations. Participants will choose between companion animal, equine, ruminant and swine, or rodent and rabbit species-specific tracks. Please review the learning objectives and content section for more details. It is recommended, but not required, that participants take the courses in order.

Enrollment: The enrollment button on this page enrolls into the Part Two course only. To learn more about Part One please use this link Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part One catalog page.

This course was formally titled Basic Principles of Anesthesia, Part Two.

Continuing Education Credits
Course meets the requirements for 15 RACE hours of continuing education credit for veterinary technicians and veterinarians in jurisdictions which recognize AAVSB's RACE approval. However, participants should be aware that some boards have limitations on the number of hours accepted in certain categories and/or restrictions on certain methods of delivery. This course is an interactive online course that meets RACE requirements; program number 57-13030.

Continuing Education Credits

Course meets the requirements for 15 RACE hours of continuing education credit for veterinary technicians and veterinarians in jurisdictions which recognize AAVSB's RACE approval. However, participants should be aware that some boards have limitations on the number of hours accepted in certain categories and/or restrictions on certain methods of delivery.

This course is an interactive online course that meets RACE requirements; program number 57-13030.

Course Content
*Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components:* Part Two is a 6-week course that provides an overview of foundational anesthetic concepts and principles. This course is designed for the veterinary technician or veterinarian seeking to solidify and update understanding of core anesthetic principles. The content, assignments, examinations and case studies address physical monitoring parameters, vital signs and reflexes, monitoring equipment and normal- abnormal monitoring values. Also addressed are local anesthetics, mechanical ventilation, neuromuscular blockade, common emergencies and problems and considerations for non-standard patients. Participants are required to track the species area of preference - canine-feline, equine, ruminant-swine or rodent-rabbit. Species-specific anesthesia techniques and patient considerations from preparation through recovery will be discussed.

Course Content

Anesthesia: Fundamental Concepts and Components: Part Two is a 6-week course that provides an overview of foundational anesthetic concepts and principles. This course is designed for the veterinary technician or veterinarian seeking to solidify and update understanding of core anesthetic principles. The content, assignments, examinations and case studies address physical monitoring parameters, vital signs and reflexes, monitoring equipment and normal- abnormal monitoring values.

Also addressed are local anesthetics, mechanical ventilation, neuromuscular blockade, common emergencies and problems and considerations for non-standard patients. Participants are required to track the species area of preference - canine-feline, equine, ruminant-swine or rodent-rabbit. Species-specific anesthesia techniques and patient considerations from preparation through recovery will be discussed.

Course Focus and Learning Objectives
Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to: Explain the principles of anesthetic monitoring, classify physical monitoring parameters and list normal values for each physical monitoring parameter List and describe each of the classic stages and planes of anesthesia Explain and demonstrate assessment of each of the vital signs, reflexes, and other indicators of anesthetic depth Explain setup, operation, care, maintenance, and troubleshooting of various monitoring equipment and interpret output and data from same, including abnormal parameters Identify the following rhythms on an electrocardiographic tracing: normal sinus rhythm (NSR); sinus arrhythmia (SA); sinus bradycardia and tachycardia; first-, second-, and third-degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block; supraventricular premature complexes (SPCs) and ventricular premature complexes (VPCs); supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia; atrial and ventricular fibrillation; and QRS and T-wave configuration changes Outline the methods for performing a nerve block and a line block, and list clinical situations in veterinary practice in which these blocks are used List the indications for the use of neuromuscular blocking agents and the hazards associated with their use Describe the techniques of manual, mechanical, periodic, and intermittent mandatory ventilation and their application to anesthesia List the most common reasons why anesthetic emergencies occur, including problems arising from human error, equipment failure, and the adverse effects of anesthetic agents List the most common causes of the following anesthetic problems: inadequate anesthetic depth; excessive anesthetic depth; pale mucous membranes; prolonged capillary refill time; dyspnea; tachypnea; bradycardia; tachycardia; cardiac arrhythmias. Outline appropriate responses Describe the problems involved in anesthetizing non-standard patients Explain selected species-specific anesthesia techniques from patient preparation through recovery

Course Focus and Learning Objectives

Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:

Explain the principles of anesthetic monitoring, classify physical monitoring parameters and list normal values for each physical monitoring parameter
List and describe each of the classic stages and planes of anesthesia
Explain and demonstrate assessment of each of the vital signs, reflexes, and other indicators of anesthetic depth
Explain setup, operation, care, maintenance, and troubleshooting of various monitoring equipment and interpret output and data from same, including abnormal parameters
Identify the following rhythms on an electrocardiographic tracing: normal sinus rhythm (NSR); sinus arrhythmia (SA); sinus bradycardia and tachycardia; first-, second-, and third-degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block; supraventricular premature complexes (SPCs) and ventricular premature complexes (VPCs); supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia; atrial and ventricular fibrillation; and QRS and T-wave configuration changes
Outline the methods for performing a nerve block and a line block, and list clinical situations in veterinary practice in which these blocks are used
List the indications for the use of neuromuscular blocking agents and the hazards associated with their use
Describe the techniques of manual, mechanical, periodic, and intermittent mandatory ventilation and their application to anesthesia
List the most common reasons why anesthetic emergencies occur, including problems arising from human error, equipment failure, and the adverse effects of anesthetic agents
List the most common causes of the following anesthetic problems: inadequate anesthetic depth; excessive anesthetic depth; pale mucous membranes; prolonged capillary refill time; dyspnea; tachypnea; bradycardia; tachycardia; cardiac arrhythmias. Outline appropriate responses
Describe the problems involved in anesthetizing non-standard patients
Explain selected species-specific anesthesia techniques from patient preparation through recovery

Participation Access Parameters
The design of this course allows participants to enroll at any time. After enrolling, please allow up to 48 hours for course activation. Each participant will have a personal start and end date that begins upon activation.

Required Materials
Please Note: Elsevier has published the 5th edition early. It was not scheduled to be available until end of 2016. We are in the process of updating both Fundamental Anesthesia courses. However, the process of updating will not be finalized, depending on the course, until the end of 2016/beginning of 2017. When the update process is complete we will send a newsletter out to members. Until then both courses will continue to use the 4th edition. em>Anesthesia and Analgesia for Veterinary Technicians 4th Edition John A Thomas DVM and Phillip Lerche BVSc, PhD, Dipl ACVA 2011 Mosby/Elsevier Important Text Information: It is mandatory that each participant has access to this textbook as the content of the book is not reproduced within the course. It is up to each person to determine the best way to acquire the text. Some will already have the text in their library and, therefore, will not need to purchase another copy. The text is available as a print publication and as an eBook. Where to purchase and in what format is totally up to the participant. The text is not included in the fee for this course. USA residents: Elsevier texts, both print and eBook, are available via the *VetMedTeam Elsevier Text Portal* at discounts off regular retail of 25 - 35 %. If you would like to visit the portal to take advantage of the discount please use this link: VetMedTeam's Elsevier Text Portal Important: Regardless of which option the participant chooses, access to a copy of the textbook is mandatory. Without the text the student will not be able to complete the assignments, case studies and examinations. If enrolling close to or beyond the course start date, it is recommended that the text be purchased as an eBook to prevent text acquisition related delays. VetMedTeam has no control over shipping delays and other related problems.

Required Materials

Please Note: Elsevier has published the 5th edition early. It was not scheduled to be available until end of 2016. We are in the process of updating both Fundamental Anesthesia courses. However, the process of updating will not be finalized, depending on the course, until the end of 2016/beginning of 2017. When the update process is complete we will send a newsletter out to members. Until then both courses will continue to use the 4th edition.

em>Anesthesia and Analgesia for Veterinary Technicians 4th Edition John A Thomas DVM and Phillip Lerche BVSc, PhD, Dipl ACVA 2011 Mosby/Elsevier

Important Text Information:

It is mandatory that each participant has access to this textbook as the content of the book is not reproduced within the course. It is up to each person to determine the best way to acquire the text. Some will already have the text in their library and, therefore, will not need to purchase another copy. The text is available as a print publication and as an eBook. Where to purchase and in what format is totally up to the participant. The text is not included in the fee for this course.

USA residents: Elsevier texts, both print and eBook, are available via the VetMedTeam Elsevier Text Portal at discounts off regular retail of 25 - 35 %. If you would like to visit the portal to take advantage of the discount please use this link:

VetMedTeam's Elsevier Text Portal

Important: Regardless of which option the participant chooses, access to a copy of the textbook is mandatory. Without the text the student will not be able to complete the assignments, case studies and examinations. If enrolling close to or beyond the course start date, it is recommended that the text be purchased as an eBook to prevent text acquisition related delays. VetMedTeam has no control over shipping delays and other related problems.

Course Completion Requirements
Completed students are awarded a certificate of completion. Completion requirements include: Instructor Graded Interactive Module Assignments: Designed to help the participant reinforce newly learned material Instructor Graded Interactive Case Study Assignments: Designed to help the participant apply the newly learned skills and knowledge though patient and practice based scenarios Examinations: All examinations must be submitted with a score of 80% or better Course survey

Course Completion Requirements

Completed students are awarded a certificate of completion. Completion requirements include:

Instructor Graded Interactive Module Assignments: Designed to help the participant reinforce newly learned material

Instructor Graded Interactive Case Study Assignments: Designed to help the participant apply the newly learned skills and knowledge though patient and practice based scenarios

Examinations: All examinations must be submitted with a score of 80% or better

Course survey

Participant Feedback
The additional resources were a great help. Having to do the critical thinking assignments and case studies was a great way for me to look at other references and receive more knowledge about the course. The sections involving emergency situations and anesthetic trouble shooting were the most beneficial portions for me. The text provided some interesting reading and the course assignments provided good means if applying that knowledge The reading combined with the case studies ties all the learned information together and helps you in the thought processes of various drug protocols. The text book was great, a resource I'll be referring back to. I really enjoyed the critical thinking portion of the course-it really tested my knowledge as an RVT within my hospital setting. Also, revealed areas that I did not realize I needed improvement with. There is something new to learn everyday and this course has helped me become a better advocate and nurse for my future patients. Thank you so much! I found the course to be very through, the local anesthetic section was very helpful for myself and my practice, we are using more line blocks and incisional blocks on our patients with great results. Also gave me other anesthetic protocols. Thanks for the very good experience working with VETMEDTEAM and the exceptional Mary Ellen Goldberg. She's the absolute best I have experienced through online education. I am probably going to take her advanced anesthesia courses just to keep going forward with her guidance in the future. Very encouraging and supremely knowledgeable. The outline of this course is great and makes it easy to follow. It also provides steps to ensuring work is done and nothing is missed. The instructor is great and her feedback really places me where I need to be as far as "am I doing well?" The entire course was beneficial as a broad overview of veterinary anesthesia and analgesia techniques. I found the course to be very thorough, the local anesthetic section was very helpful for myself and my practice, we are using more line blocks and incisional blocks on our patients with great results. Also gave me other anesthetic protocols. Case studies were interesting and very relevant in veterinary practices... I liked the fact that the course challenged me to think beyond what I do every day and allowed me to approach changing some of the existing protocols. I loved that I was able to work thru the course on my schedule since I have very little free time right now. How to assure your patient is receiving the best care while undergoing anesthetic procedures. Providing optimal pain control using "balanced anesthesia". Having confidence in using anesthetic equipment and monitoring equipment. Knowing when to alert to VIC in anesthetic emergencies. Learning about rodent, ruminant and equine anesthesia. The numerous uploaded additional articles of information provided by the Instructor after each assignment She is fantastic! Able to pick which species we wanted to follow. It was very beneficial refreshing the use of certain drugs to target specific needs of different cases, most of the time we get comfortable with using the same drugs for every patient. The case studies are very beneficial. It is incredibly important to see the big picture after the details are learned/re-learned and the critical thinking questions as well as the case studies are what brings it all in. [The things I learned most from this course were] how to assure your patient is receiving the best care while undergoing anesthetic procedures. Providing optimal pain control using "balanced anesthesia". Having confidence in using anesthetic equipment and monitoring equipment. Knowing when to alert to VIC in anesthetic emergencies. Learning about rodent, ruminant and equine anesthesia. I liked the fact that Mary Ellen allowed me to answer questions based on my current position where I work solely with Non Human Primates and I used my facilities' procedures as examples for Case Studies etc. [I liked the] numerous uploaded additional articles of information provided by the Instructor after each assignment She is fantastic! I have no experience hands on with some of the drugs discussed in the course, but it did help to revisit some of those older chemicals to contrast why we use the drugs we do now. Thiopental and others were new to me. We use propofol, which I believe is the standard at this time.

Participant Feedback

The additional resources were a great help. Having to do the critical thinking assignments and case studies was a great way for me to look at other references and receive more knowledge about the course.

The sections involving emergency situations and anesthetic trouble shooting were the most beneficial portions for me. The text provided some interesting reading and the course assignments provided good means if applying that knowledge

The reading combined with the case studies ties all the learned information together and helps you in the thought processes of various drug protocols. The text book was great, a resource I'll be referring back to.

I really enjoyed the critical thinking portion of the course-it really tested my knowledge as an RVT within my hospital setting. Also, revealed areas that I did not realize I needed improvement with. There is something new to learn everyday and this course has helped me become a better advocate and nurse for my future patients. Thank you so much!

I found the course to be very through, the local anesthetic section was very helpful for myself and my practice, we are using more line blocks and incisional blocks on our patients with great results. Also gave me other anesthetic protocols.

Thanks for the very good experience working with VETMEDTEAM and the exceptional Mary Ellen Goldberg. She's the absolute best I have experienced through online education. I am probably going to take her advanced anesthesia courses just to keep going forward with her guidance in the future. Very encouraging and supremely knowledgeable.

The outline of this course is great and makes it easy to follow. It also provides steps to ensuring work is done and nothing is missed. The instructor is great and her feedback really places me where I need to be as far as "am I doing well?"

The entire course was beneficial as a broad overview of veterinary anesthesia and analgesia techniques.

I found the course to be very thorough, the local anesthetic section was very helpful for myself and my practice, we are using more line blocks and incisional blocks on our patients with great results. Also gave me other anesthetic protocols.

Case studies were interesting and very relevant in veterinary practices...

I liked the fact that the course challenged me to think beyond what I do every day and allowed me to approach changing some of the existing protocols.

I loved that I was able to work thru the course on my schedule since I have very little free time right now.

How to assure your patient is receiving the best care while undergoing anesthetic procedures. Providing optimal pain control using "balanced anesthesia". Having confidence in using anesthetic equipment and monitoring equipment. Knowing when to alert to VIC in anesthetic emergencies. Learning about rodent, ruminant and equine anesthesia.

The numerous uploaded additional articles of information provided by the Instructor after each assignment She is fantastic!

Able to pick which species we wanted to follow.

It was very beneficial refreshing the use of certain drugs to target specific needs of different cases, most of the time we get comfortable with using the same drugs for every patient.

The case studies are very beneficial. It is incredibly important to see the big picture after the details are learned/re-learned and the critical thinking questions as well as the case studies are what brings it all in.

[The things I learned most from this course were] how to assure your patient is receiving the best care while undergoing anesthetic procedures. Providing optimal pain control using "balanced anesthesia". Having confidence in using anesthetic equipment and monitoring equipment. Knowing when to alert to VIC in anesthetic emergencies. Learning about rodent, ruminant and equine anesthesia.
I liked the fact that Mary Ellen allowed me to answer questions based on my current position where I work solely with Non Human Primates and I used my facilities' procedures as examples for Case Studies etc.

[I liked the] numerous uploaded additional articles of information provided by the Instructor after each assignment She is fantastic!

I have no experience hands on with some of the drugs discussed in the course, but it did help to revisit some of those older chemicals to contrast why we use the drugs we do now. Thiopental and others were new to me. We use propofol, which I believe is the standard at this time.

Course Instructor
Mary Ellen Goldberg LVT, CVT, SRA, CCRVN, CVPP, VTS-lab animal medicine (research anesthesia-retired), VTS-Physical rehabilitation-retired, VTS-H (anesthesia/analgesia) Mary Ellen Goldberg is a graduate of Harcum College and the University of Pennsylvania in 1976. She worked at Virginia Commonwealth University in the Division of Animal Resources and for Research Scientists advising on their choices for anesthesia and pain management on their protocols. She was a member of VCU’s IACUC for 10 years. She has been the instructor in Anesthesia and Pain Management at VetMedTeam since 2003. She is a Certified Veterinary Pain Practitioner through IVAPM. Mary Ellen is retired as a Surgical Research Anesthetist certified through the Academy of Surgical Research. Currently, she is a staff member at the Canine Rehabilitation Institute since 2012, as a Certified Canine Rehabilitation Veterinary Nurse. (CCRVN) where she is the examination coordinator. She is a member of the IACUC at the Manheimmer Foundation, Inc. Mary Ellen was chosen NAVTA’s Veterinary Technician of the Year 2017. In 2019, Mary Ellen received the VTS-anesthesia, analgesia – honorary title from the Academy of Veterinary Technician Anesthesia and Analgesia. Mary Ellen has written several books, and contributed to numerous chapters regarding anesthesia, pain management and rehabilitation. She has worked in various aspects of veterinary medicine from small animal and equine to mixed practice, coccidiosis research for a pharmaceutical company,zoo animal medicine and laboratory animal medicine since 1976.

Course Instructor

Mary Ellen Goldberg LVT, CVT, SRA, CCRVN, CVPP, VTS-lab animal medicine (research anesthesia-retired), VTS-Physical rehabilitation-retired, VTS-H (anesthesia/analgesia)

Mary Ellen Goldberg is a graduate of Harcum College and the University of Pennsylvania in 1976. She worked at Virginia Commonwealth University in the Division of Animal Resources and for Research Scientists advising on their choices for anesthesia and pain management on their protocols. She was a member of VCU’s IACUC for 10 years.

She has been the instructor in Anesthesia and Pain Management at VetMedTeam since 2003. She is a Certified Veterinary Pain Practitioner through IVAPM. Mary Ellen is retired as a Surgical Research Anesthetist certified through the Academy of Surgical Research. Currently, she is a staff member at the Canine Rehabilitation Institute since 2012, as a Certified Canine Rehabilitation Veterinary Nurse. (CCRVN) where she is the examination coordinator. She is a member of the IACUC at the Manheimmer Foundation, Inc.

Mary Ellen was chosen NAVTA’s Veterinary Technician of the Year 2017. In 2019, Mary Ellen received the VTS-anesthesia, analgesia – honorary title from the Academy of Veterinary Technician Anesthesia and Analgesia. Mary Ellen has written several books, and contributed to numerous chapters regarding anesthesia, pain management and rehabilitation. She has worked in various aspects of veterinary medicine from small animal and equine to mixed practice, coccidiosis research for a pharmaceutical company,zoo animal medicine and laboratory animal medicine since 1976.

Upcoming Sessions

Pricing
Price: $179.00 USD This course is eligible for the 10% Multi-course discount. To learn more about the discount please visit the Multi-Course Discount page.

ANESTHESIA: FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS PART TWO

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